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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
نظام کیفری
These were worthless outsiders anyway, deserving of the expulsion a reinvigorated and strengthened penal system would now bring to them.
Introduced to that penal system in the 1972 Criminal Justice Act, it was intended to allow offenders to expiate their crimes through the longstanding tradition of voluntary work.
This is why the general prevention effect of the penal system must be otherwise improved: by enhancing the risk of getting caught, expanding the range of punishments, and using other sanctions besides imprison- ment, with the same general preventive value as short-term incarceration would have' (Government Bill 110/1975: 6).
In a country where there had been no involvement in war for nearly 200 years, and where there were stringent prohibitions on violence in the home, on television, in sport, in the penal system and in schools,38 then the growing appearance of violent crime in the media was inevitably shocking and threatening and has since helped to change public sensibilities: the values of moderation, restraint and high levels of self-control are no longer such prominent features of everyday life.
There is a strong sense of familiarity about this post-1970s Nordic sketch so far: the intentions of a liberal establishment to bring more leniency to the penal system, with recognition that the Justice Model, rather than the welfare sanction, was the means to achieve this, only for these elites to be undermined as 'the age of anxiety' began to change the social landscape and the prevailing Nordic mindset.
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